{"id":59031,"date":"2016-04-28T13:23:00","date_gmt":"2016-04-28T13:23:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/metropolismag.com\/projects\/makers-monument-valley-creating-architectural-puzzles-vr\/"},"modified":"2022-03-07T04:54:30","modified_gmt":"2022-03-07T04:54:30","slug":"makers-monument-valley-creating-architectural-puzzles-vr","status":"publish","type":"metro_profile","link":"https:\/\/metropolismag.com\/profiles\/makers-monument-valley-creating-architectural-puzzles-vr\/","title":{"rendered":"The Makers of Monument Valley are Creating Architectural Puzzles in VR"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

Peter Pashley, left, and Ken Wong, right, met when Pashley interviewed Wong for a job at Ustwo Games in London. Their collaboration resulted in the award-winning Monument Valley<\/em> and the virtual reality game Land\u2019s End<\/em>.<\/h4>\n

Photography by Joe Earley<\/a><\/h4>\n
\n

Before joining the London-based company Ustwo Games<\/a> in 2010, Peter Pashley created a mobile game, Aftermath<\/em>\u2014a one-man project set in a city infested with zombies. Pashley recalls that, striving for realism, he accurately proportioned the roads and sidewalks\u2014which, to the players, made them seem ridiculously wide.<\/p>\n

\u201cPeople always underestimate how wide pavements are,\u201d volunteers Ken Wong, the lead designer at Ustwo. Before meeting at the company and developing two groundbreaking titles there, Monument Valley<\/em><\/a> and Land\u2019s End<\/em><\/a>, Pashley and Wong both worked on action-filled, combat-heavy games designed for dedicated gamers. The model at Ustwo Games, however, is very different: The company makes games for mobile devices, and so a general audience.<\/p>\n

Wong\u2019s first foray into video games began when he posted a portrait of a character from American McGee\u2019s Alice to the Web<\/em> and drew the attention of that game\u2019s creators. After being called in for an interview by the studio, Spicy Horse<\/a>, he was hired and moved from his native Adelaide, Australia, to Shanghai to art-direct the sequel, the 2011 console game Alice: Madness Returns<\/em>. Following a few years in China, Wong was ready for his next adventure. Seeing a listing for a job in London, he applied, was interviewed by Pashley, and thus began his chapter with Ustwo.<\/p>\n

\u201cWhen I joined in the beginning of 2013, they were just wrapping up another game, and I didn\u2019t have a lot to do,\u201d Wong says. \u201cSo I started pitching game ideas, and one of those eventually became Monument Valley.\u201d<\/p>\n

A breakthrough hit for Ustwo, the game takes place around a series of fantastical buildings, represented with the player directing a princess named Ida along moving walkways and across floating cities. Taps of the finger direct Princess Ida, while parts of each building can be moved or rotated by dragging a finger across the screen. The environment is represented as an isometric projection\u2014a familiar architectural drawing method for rendering three-dimensional buildings in two dimensions. Understanding this perspective becomes key to guiding Ida through each area.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Ustwo Games\u2019 sunny offices in Shoreditch, London<\/h4>\n

As Monument Valley <\/em>took shape, Wong\u2019s vision meant sacrificing more gamelike elements. The playing area was reduced to fit on a single screen: \u201cWithout that you can\u2019t force great compositions,\u201d Wong explains. Puzzles and secret rooms were cut. The game was kept short, to increase the likelihood that every player would be able to experience the complete story. \u201cI thought we were making a game for design-oriented people\u2014you know, hipsters,\u201d says Wong. \u201cWe didn\u2019t anticipate that it would reach a lot further than that.\u201d<\/p>\n

Indeed, its widespread appeal was surprising. By January 2015, nine months after its launch, around 2.5 million Monument Valley units had sold, and revenues stood at $6 million. Intended to earn back costs over a two-year span, the game paid for itself in ten days.<\/p>\n

Monument Valley<\/em>\u2019s optical illusions and beautiful Penrose-stairs architecture clearly\u00a0echo the impossible structures of M.C. Escher. Wong acknowledges the influence, having initially worked off of Escher\u2019s 1960 drawing Ascending and Descending<\/em><\/a>. But, he adds, \u201cas we went on, we realized that what linked us to Escher is how he was interested both in mathematics and in art. And that\u2019s exactly what computer games are.\u201d<\/p>\n

On more than one occasion, Wong has said that the inspiration behind Monument Valley<\/em> was the idea of a game where architecture is the main character. The isolated, floating palaces are a built environment; the lines are straight and the curves regular.<\/p>\n

But the scenery in Land\u2019s End<\/em>, Ustwo\u2019s latest release, is quite different, being based on the wild landscapes of Northern Europe, particularly Scandinavia. Pashley, who took the design lead on Land\u2019s End<\/em> before being joined by Wong, explains that he and his wife often spend time on the west coast of Scotland. Although the landscape is inspiring, it is also hard to portray in a game: Open space and desolate beauty inevitably lack interactive interest. \u201cWe spent a long time on broad, open environments, which I enjoyed, but most people got either lost or bored,\u201d Pashley explains. He had developed a strong technical prototype, but the game needed work. \u201cYou end up having to put in castles, just for something to do,\u201d Wong adds. \u201cVR makes just being there more exciting than it would be normally.\u201d<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Players of Monument Valley <\/em>guide avatar Princess Ida as she wends her way through Escher-like staircases and Islamic-style paviions.<\/h4>\n
\n

The new virtual reality technology, or VR, involves more than just a change of interface; it changes the relationship of the individual to the game space. The entire visible \u201cworld\u201d in Monument Valley<\/em> can be rotated, with Ida moving in and out of view, but the players\u2019 perspective\u2014the \u201ccamera\u201d\u2014never changes. In virtual reality, the players and the characters who represent them have the same perspective. In some ways, this closely resembles the viewpoint of games played on screens with a first-person vantage point, but standard elements in the design of those games are actively discomfiting inside VR. A new grammar of interaction is being developed, but so far relatively few people have the equipment to play games in VR. This, however, is changing.<\/p>\n

The game was designed for the Samsung Gear VR<\/a>, a virtual reality headset built to work with the company\u2019s premium smartphones. The phones fit into the headset and provide the screen, sound, processor, and motion tracking required for virtual experiences. Samsung has announced that Gear VRs will be given free to anyone preordering one of its new compatible phones. This will put well over 300,000 headsets into consumers\u2019 hands in the United States.<\/p>\n

Land\u2019s End<\/em>\u00a0will feature in one of the three free content packs offered along with the headset. Already one of the best-selling games for Gear VR, Ustwo\u2019s first VR offering is likely to be the introduction for many to virtual reality\u2019s approach to the space and structure of game worlds.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Land\u2019s End<\/em>, the new VR game designed by Pashley and Wong for Ustwo Games, is based on the rocky shoreline of West Scotland.<\/h4>\n
\n

At this stage in the evolution of virtual reality experiences, there are very few hard-and-fast rules\u2014developers are all feeling their way around. For example, Land\u2019s End\u2019s game begins with a warning that it is best played standing or sitting on a stool or a swivel chair. The first step players have to take involves turning around completely\u2014 in effect, a test that they have followed the game\u2019s advice.<\/p>\n

The game\u2019s explorable, three-dimensional world could have been finished without adding buildings, but Pashley felt that it was important to include signs of human architecture. \u201cHaving something built by humans allows you to interpret the scale of the environment,\u201d he explains. \u201cThe natural world is fractal, so seeing a little bit of it doesn\u2019t really help you to know whether you\u2019re looking at a piece of rock or the ridgeline of Mount Everest.\u201d<\/p>\n

In Land\u2019s End<\/em>, the player solves puzzles left by a departed civilization. The deserted landscape and funerary motifs were inspired by architecture associated with Neolithic sites, Pashley says. \u201cWhen Neolithic sites were actually in use, there would be a huge amount of timber architecture. And the more human spaces\u2014houses, windows, and doorways\u2014would have been wooden and therefore temporary. So what\u00a0we are left with are these strange-seeming subelements of that architectural style.\u201d<\/p>\n

Ustwo Games\u2019 own design sensibility, and the worlds and forms that it depicts, follows the requirements of the devices for which they are developed. \u201cWe talk a lot about being platform-perfect,\u201d says Wong, in conclusion. \u201cThat\u2019s core to our philosophy. Touch input is great for a sense of intimacy, because you\u2019re directly touching the game world.\u201d<\/p>\n

Whatever Ustwo Games does next, it will be doing it with new creative leadership. Wong is speaking on his penultimate day at Ustwo Games: \u201cLondon\u2019s not my city. So I\u2019m going back to Adelaide for a bit and then starting a game studio in Melbourne.\u201d Wong is leaving at the end of a project, meaning that his departure and replacement can be managed in good order.<\/p>\n

\u201cAs with the departure of any huge character, we\u2019re presented with both challenges and opportunities, but we\u2019ve already seen the members of our highly talented team step forward to embrace them,\u201d says Dan Gray, the head of the studio. \u201cWe\u2019re working on two games with two new leads, each of whom is drawing on the wealth of experience and expertise we\u2019ve already built to create something even better than Monument Valley<\/em>.\u201d<\/p>\n

Easier said than done. Still, the success of the two games Pashley and Wong have worked on together, Monument Valley<\/em> and Land\u2019s End<\/em>, has moved Ustwo Games from a development team inside a larger product design studio to a business division in its own right. It\u2019s likely that its designers and developers will continue to argue over the perfect width for a sidewalk.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

A shelving unit shows off the myriad awards given to Monument Valley<\/em> since its debut.<\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Designers Peter Pashley and Ken Wong are making a name for themselves in the gaming world by tapping into new portable and wearable technologies.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":904,"featured_media":20038,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"featured_image_focal_point":[],"legacy_WP_ID":null},"tags":[480,755,756],"metro_tax_domain":[],"metro_tax_topic":[15],"metro_tax_program":[],"metro_issue":[],"metro_cat_profile":[],"internal_flag":[],"class_list":["post-59031","metro_profile","type-metro_profile","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","tag-video-games","tag-virtual-reality","tag-vr","metro_tax_topic-technology"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nThe Makers of Monument Valley are Creating Architectural Puzzles in VR - Metropolis<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Designers Peter Pashley and Ken Wong are making a name for themselves in the gaming world by tapping into new portable and wearable technologies.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" 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