{"id":60942,"date":"2020-02-18T20:32:21","date_gmt":"2020-02-18T20:32:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/metropolismag.com\/projects\/ken-isaacs-wanted-retool-way-we-live\/"},"modified":"2021-09-14T16:24:08","modified_gmt":"2021-09-14T16:24:08","slug":"ken-isaacs-wanted-retool-way-we-live","status":"publish","type":"metro_profile","link":"https:\/\/metropolismag.com\/profiles\/ken-isaacs-wanted-retool-way-we-live\/","title":{"rendered":"Ken Isaacs Wanted to Retool the Way We Live"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Ken Isaacs, Chicago Living Structure, c. 1961 Courtesy the Estate of Ken Isaacs<\/b><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\n

In his 1974 manual-as-manifesto How to Build Your Own Living Structures<\/em>, Ken Isaacs outlines his radical design philosophy by questioning the state of postwar American home ownership: \u201cI couldn\u2019t help wondering why people had to shackle themselves to some kind of corporate clerkship for twenty years to get the money for a home in the country,\u201d he writes in a wry, contemplative prose. \u201cWhy wasn\u2019t it possible to apply your best consciousness and information to develop a new shelter?\u201d<\/p>\n

Isaacs\u2019s attempts to cultivate a new way of living are the focus of Susan Snodgrass\u2019 slim study, Inside the Matrix: The Radical Designs of Ken Isaacs<\/em><\/a> (Half Letter Press), which traces the designer\u2019s career from his early modular Modernism up through his experiments in eco-Minimalism and beyond. In charting these various phases, which spanned from the late 1940s through the new millennium, Snodgrass focuses not on any chronological progression but rather on the deeper philosophy that animated Isaacs\u2019s work, a system of total design he called the Matrix. Over the course of his career, Isaacs would apply the Matrix as both structural blueprint and as a means to transform consciousness.<\/p>\n

Snodgrass focuses first on Isaacs\u2019s earliest realization of the Matrix, a modular three-dimensional unit called the Living Structure that he created in 1949 while studying at Bradley University, and later perfected in 1954 while a graduate student at the Cranbrook Academy of Art. The Living Structure, with its integrated furniture and spindly, grid-like structure, was designed to liberate inhabitants from the postwar glut of expansion and consumption by recalibrating the way space was used, allowing for a bedroom, living room, and personal office to coexist in a single architectural frame. By making the design simple enough that it could be built by hand in an afternoon, Isaacs sought also to deliver the Living Structure inhabitant from the pressures of consumerism and rewire them for hardy self-sufficiency. \u201cEvery new acquisition just loads us down with more obligations and expenses in time and productive effort,\u201d he would later write in 1974\u2019s Living Structures<\/em>. \u201cIt\u2019s become evident that this is a crusher, leaving little time for inventive work and the individual search for peace of mind.\u201d<\/p>\n

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Exterior view of The Knowledge Box, c. 1962 Courtesy of the University Archives and Special Collections, Paul V. Galvin Library, Illinois Institute of Technology <\/b><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\n

At the same time he was retooling the modern dwelling, Isaacs was also attempting to overhaul the modern classroom with his Matrix Drum design, which he devised while an instructor at Cranbrook from 1956\u201357. Where the Living Structure looked to affect changes in living habits, the Matrix Drum sought to change the way pupils processed information: Entering an 18-foot-wide circular chamber, students would be bombarded with a multimedia collage of projected images and sounds from exterior-mounted projectors on the chamber\u2019s walls. The goal of this, according to Snodgrass, \u201cwas to heighten student cognizance of their own position and connectedness to the world,\u201d as well as develop their ability to \u201cextrapolate the essence of complex ideas.\u201d The Matrix Drum would eventually evolve into parallel iterations such as the Knowledge Box or the Alpha Chamber, both of which more closely resembled the Living Structure with their cube-like designs, but their conceptual goals remained largely the same.<\/p>\n

Throughout Inside the Matrix<\/em>, Snodgrass underlines both the lineage and legacy of Isaacs\u2019s designs. His Living Structures, though similar to mainstream Modernists like the Eameses or George Nelson in their emphasis on organizational grids, provided a more \u201cradical rethinking of the postwar domestic interior\u201d that would inform the work of later eco-Modernist groups like EarthLab 1; his multimedia environments, while indebted to Jean-Luc Godard\u2019s film editing and Norbert Wiener\u2019s work on cybernetics, were in many ways a precursor to \u201cthe Internet and today\u2019s 24\/7 data stream,\u201d according to Snodgrass. But it\u2019s Isaacs’s Microhouses that proved to be his most radical design, as well as his most prescient.<\/p>\n

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Ken Isaacs, Microhouses, c. 1972 Courtesy the Estate of Ken Isaacs <\/b><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\n

Isaacs came to the Microhouse concept as a form of personal and professional escape. After spending the late \u201950s and early \u201960s working in New York and Chicago, he began to feel constrained by the demands of city life, questioning whether \u201cit\u2019s better to attempt new actions from the center of the system or to work more on the outskirts.\u201d When he received a Graham Foundation fellowship in 1962, he took the opportunity to relocate to Groveland, Illinois, where he would spend the next decade developing more environmentally conscious applications of his Matrix philosophy. The resulting Microhouses were his largest creations yet: freestanding grid-based structures that rejected what Snodgrass calls \u201cmodernism\u2019s penchant for permanence and monumentality\u201d in favor of mobility and flexibility. (Pointedly, Isaacs released his Microhouse blueprints in the Living Structures<\/em> book rather than sell them as prefabricated units.) While anti-materialism and self-reliance had long been fixtures of Isaacs\u2019s work, the Microhouse synthesized those aspects into a new form of environmental design, one that allowed for \u201cconcrete and inventive living responses, undistracted by cultural fantasies.\u201d<\/p>\n

In taking stock of Isaacs\u2019s influence, Snodgrass avoids any easy mythologizing. She emphasizes throughout that while his work received plenty of media attention in its day, it was mostly left out of institutional canon-building. She writes that Isaacs himself felt disconnected from the design world, observing that he \u201crarely if ever mentioned other architects who influenced him,\u201d and that design for him was a largely personal pursuit.<\/p>\n

From a certain vantage, it\u2019s easy to see Isaacs\u2019s Matrix schema as a sort of mostly forgotten roadmap, his minimalist DIY ethos subsumed by a corporate minimalism that reduces self-reliance to a marketing tactic. But Snodgrass also points to a growing number of movements indebted to his insistence that comfortable, sustainable living can only be achieved through a radical reappraisal of values. From tiny houses<\/a> and urban nomads to the degrowth movement, many thinkers and creatives are pushing for a different approach to living, and while these movements may not list Isaacs as a direct influence, his work is there, laying the grid for the future.<\/p>\n

You may also enjoy \u201cOlympic Games\u2014The Design Documents Over a Century of Olympic Visual Identities<\/a>\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Would you like to comment on this article? Send your thoughts to: comments@metropolismag.com<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A new book revisits the designer’s visionary work, which advanced everything from flexible, \u201cliving\u201d structures to microhouses.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1324,"featured_media":28351,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"featured_image_focal_point":[],"legacy_WP_ID":null},"tags":[98,122,101],"metro_tax_domain":[],"metro_tax_topic":[13],"metro_tax_program":[],"metro_issue":[],"metro_cat_profile":[],"internal_flag":[],"class_list":["post-60942","metro_profile","type-metro_profile","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","tag-books","tag-history","tag-review","metro_tax_topic-architecture"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nKen Isaacs Wanted to Retool the Way We Live - Metropolis<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A new book revisits the designer's visionary work, which advanced everything from flexible, \u201cliving\u201d structures to microhouses.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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