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A crane in the foreground lifts one module of a partly constructed building to the top of other modules, with palm trees and more low-rise buildings in the background.

October 21, 2022

A Los Angeles Firm Uses Modular Construction to Create Truly Affordable Housing

KTGY Architecture + Planning’s innovative prefab technique is helping to add critical housing density.

By: Jessica Ritz

The dual crises of limited housing supply and homelessness in Southern California evade simple solutions. But Los Angeles-based firm KTGY Architecture + Planning‘s prefabricated modular construction technique may offer one path to efficiently adding units and density in centrally located L.A. communities. Hope on Alvarado (developed by Hope Street Development Group in partnership with HBG Construction Corp Aedis Real Estate Group) is one example of KTGY’s strategy. Opened to residents in August 2021, the 84-unit supportive housing development inaugurates a series of projects built using KTGY’s proprietary system, with the Hope on Hyde Park, Hope on Broadway, and Hope on Avalon all currently in progress. An evolution of prefab design and construction initially used largely for single-family residences, KTGY’s work is expanding the benefits of such methods for increasing the supply of multi-family housing — and affordable housing in particular. 

A “drop and lock” method allows the majority of parts to be fabricated off-site, before being installed and finished at each property.

exterior image of hope on alvarado, an affordable housing development built with a modular construction technique
COURTESY KTGY

At Hope on Alvarado, a “drop and lock” method allows the majority of parts to be fabricated off-site before being installed and finished at the property, where a site-built concrete podium supports the steel modules. “This is basically built like a commercial building, with steel stud infill and so forth,” says KTGY Principal Mark Oberholzer while walking through the ground floor lobby. Typical processes then stop there. Windows, kitchen and bathroom features, and finishes for the units are manufactured both domestically and abroad, and transported by truck before being directly craned into place.

Hope on Alvarado in L.A.’s Westlake neighborhood is organized around a central courtyard plan, with 84 studio or one-bedroom, fully furnished units placed along double-loaded corridors. Residents’ amenities include a community room, bike storage, and a shaded and landscaped rooftop deck at the fifth floor. Given the learning curve here, the effort reached “cost parity” with average affordable housing construction costs, which are higher than market-rate housing due to prevailing wage agreements and other regulatory factors, Oberholzer explains. But time is money. “One of the main wins is the time of the build,” he says, given that on-site and off-site construction are parallel tracked.

The interior of an affordable housing unit built with modular construction, a small kitchen and living room are visible and windows open to greenspace outside.
COURTESY KTGY

In this case, the building’s corrugated steel exterior elements are a deliberate choice and a nod of sorts to popular shipping container prefab aesthetics. These components are newly sourced and adapted to each project, however. “We have been intentionally customizing” each modular housing project, Oberholzer notes. Even with these projects’ rectilinearity and streamline processes, “everything gets not repeated, based on how you adapt to the site.” Expansive interior windows at Hope on Alvarado emphasize visual connectivity, in addition to providing ample natural light, while allowing for privacy. The street-facing elevation, which also contains generous spans of fenestration, is purposefully “rough around the edges,” he says. “You can see the welds and everything is kind of exposed” to emphasize the practical industrial materiality that contrasts with board-formed concrete details. Fixed vertical screens add dimension and shading to the west-facing facade that fronts Alvarado. This feature is also essential, given that the building’s position directly welcomes Southern California sunlight that intensifies during afternoon and evening hours.

In addition to the aforementioned Hope projects, some of which are partially funded through Proposition HHH, KTGY’s innovations in the field of modular architecture are promising vis-a-vis wider impacts. The firm has designed modular multifamily projects in Orange County, Pasadena, and Koreatown with other development partners. “I think we learned a lot during construction and fabrication,” Oberholzer says about Hope on Alvarado. “Then unlike most lessons you learn in life, we’re getting to actually apply those lessons.”

  • interior of a hallway and reception area
    COURTESY KTGY
  • exterior of hope on alvarado, an affordable housing development built with modular construction techniques
    COURTESY KTGY
  • interior of a conference room at Hope on Alvarado
    COURTESY KTGY
  • interior of a living space in hope on alvarado
    COURTESY KTGY
  • interior photograph showing a bedroom and a bathroom
    COURTESY KTGY

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